Frederick Lewis Cristman

SYNOPSIS: Lam Son 719 was a large-scale offensive against enemy communications
lines which was conducted in that part of Laos adjacent to the two northern
provinces of South Vietnam. The South Vietnamese would provide and command
ground forces, while U.S. forces would furnish airlift and supporting fire.

Phase I, renamed Operation Dewey Canyon II, involved an armored attack by the
U.S. from Vandegrift base camp toward Khe Sanh, while the ARVN moved into
position for the attack across the Laotian border. Phase II began with an ARVN
helicopter assault and armored brigade thrust along Route 9 into Laos. ARVN
ground troops were transported by American helicopters, while U.S. Air Force
provided cover strikes around the landing zones.

During one of these maneuvers, CW2 Frederick L. Cristman was flying a UH1C
helicopter (serial #65-9489) with a crew of three - SP4 Paul A. Langenour, door
gunner, WO1 Jon M. Sparks, co-pilot, and SP5 Ricardo M. Garcia, crew chief -
covering a downed U.S. helicopter during a rescue effort. Cristman's aircraft
flew as the trail ship in a flight of two UH1s on the armed escort mission.

The landing zone (LZ) was under fire, and the pilot of the downed craft was a
buddy of Fred's. He worked the area with his minigun while another helicopter
successfully extracted the pilot.

Cristman and his crew continued to work the hot LZ while other helicopters came
in. His gunship was hit by enemy gunfire. Cristman radioed in to the flight
leader that his transmission oil pressure caution light was on, and that he was
making an emergency landing on the LZ. This was verified by the lead aircraft,
who made several passes over the downed helicopter. Cristman's aircraft crashed
into the ARVN perimeter, and was hit on the roof by a mortar round just as the
crew jumped out. Cristman, his copilot and the crew chief were thrown to the
ground, while the door gunner, SP4 Langenour, was able to exit the aircraft and
join a nearby ARVN unit which returned to a U.S. military controlled area. The
others remained with the chopper, although this was not immediately apparent
from the air. The flight leader's aircraft was also battle-damaged, and he had
to leave the area.

Another helicopter arrived, and although enemy ground fire was received, made it
into the landing zone. Intense enemy fire necessitated a hasty departure, and
only two Vietnamese troops were picked up. During the initial rescue attempt by
the rescue helicopter, no American crewmen were seen on the downed aircraft, and
no radio contact was established.

SP Langenour later stated that after landing, the aircraft received numerous
rounds of mortar fire and he departed the area. He last saw all the other crew
members alive. Due to enemy activity in the area, no ground search of the site
was conducted.

Proof of the deaths of Cristman, Sparks and Garcia was never found. No remains
came home; none was released from prison camp. They were not blown up, nor did
they sink to the bottom of the ocean. Someone knows what happened to them.

Were it not for thousands of reports relating to Americans still held captive in
Southeast Asia today, the families of the UH1C helicopter crew might be able to
believe their men died with their aircraft. But until proof exists that they
died, or they are brought home alive, they will wonder and wait.

How long must they wait before we bring our men home?